← IB French B SL

Unit 2 · Lesson 2

Grammar for Comprehension

The grammar structures that appear most in Paper 2 texts. Understanding relative pronouns, tenses, and passive voice unlocks meaning in complex sentences.

Key idea

When you hit a long sentence, look for the relative pronoun first (qui, que, dont, où). It tells you exactly which noun the clause is describing: and that unlocks the whole sentence.

Quick reference

qui → subject of the clause

que → object of the clause

dont → after verbs with "de"

→ place or time

Grammar reference cards

Click a card to flip it. Focus on when each structure is used.

Grammar for Paper 2 comprehension

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French

qui

tap to flip

English

who / which / that (subject)

Relative pronoun replacing the subject. 'C'est l'homme qui parle.' = He is the man who is speaking.

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Unlocking long sentences: a strategy

Paper 2 texts use complex sentences. Break them down in this order:

  1. 1
    Find the main verb — the heart of the sentence. Everything else depends on it.
  2. 2
    Identify the relative pronoun (qui, que, dont, où, lequel…) — it tells you which noun the clause describes.
  3. 3
    Identify the tense — passé composé vs. imparfait vs. plus-que-parfait signals when and how actions relate.
  4. 4
    Check for passive or gérondif — passive changes who does what; gérondif (en + -ant) explains how or when.

Match the pairs

Match each grammar term to its function.

Grammar terms

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Click a French word, then click its English match.

Quick quiz

Apply the grammar to sentences like the ones you'll see in Paper 2.

Grammar for comprehension quiz

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Choose the correct relative pronoun: 'C'est le programme _____ a été lancé l'année dernière.'

Grammar for reading locked in.

Next: listening comprehension: how to approach audio texts and what to listen for.